The forced return (deportation) of Haitians to the country represents one of the main migration crises facing Haiti. This phenomenon intensified considerably in 2025, with more than 270,000 people deported.

The International Organization for Migration (IOM) and the Migrant Protection Working Group collaborated with other partners, including the National Migration Office and the Support Group for Returnees and Refugees, to develop this fact sheet highlighting key trends in deportations in 2025. This fact sheet presents the main findings of data collected throughout 2025.

Summary in figures :

Main countries of origin :

The number of deportations reached 270,214 people, an increase of 36% compared to 2024. The Dominican Republic was the source of 98% of deportations (265,215 people). Next come the Turks and Caicos Islands (2,935, 1%), the United States (1,159, less than 1%), the Bahamas (756, less than 1%), and Jamaica (147, less than 1%).

Gender Breakdown :

While adult men deported remain the majority (66%), a significant increase in deportations affects other groups, compared to 2024 and previous years. The figures jumped by 92% for adult women between 2024 and 2025, 152% for girls, and 133% for boys, compared to a 16% increase for adult men.

Points of Entry :

Belladère remains the main point of arrival (51% of deportations), followed by Ouanaminthe (27%). Furthermore, some other points of origin saw significant increases: deportations via Malpasse increased by 346% between 2024 and 2025, and via Anse-à-Pitres by over 96%.

Areas of Origin :

An in-depth survey of a sample of 26,853 deportees (adults only) reveals that 99% of those expelled were born in Haiti, and 1% in the Dominican Republic. Their main areas of origin are the Southeast, West, Artibonite, Central, and North departments.

Reason for Leaving Haiti :

For 85%, the search for better economic opportunities was the primary reason.

Background :

19% were already displaced in camps before leaving Haiti.

Identity Documents :

32% reported not possessing any.

Education and Employment :

Those deported from the Dominican Republic had a lower level of formal education, but when outside Haiti, they had better access to employment than those deported from other countries. The main sectors of activity were construction, commerce, and agriculture.

Recidivism and Future Intentions :

60% of those deported in 2025 had already been deported multiple times. 11% planned to leave Haiti again within 6 months, an intention much more pronounced among those deported from the Turks and Caicos Islands (64%) and the United States (59%) than among those from the Dominican Republic (10%).

Immediate Needs :

Upon arrival, the priority needs expressed were transportation back to their place of origin (92%), food (72%), and temporary accommodation (27%).

HL/ HaitiLibre